N-Ethylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate shows up as one of the standout ionic liquids that chemists and industry specialists reach for, whether refining processes in a lab or scaling up for production. Its molecular formula, C5H10N2O4S, and molar mass of 194.21 g/mol, set it apart from many traditional chemical agents. Visualizing it, the substance often appears as a colorless or pale-yellow solid but takes on a clear or slightly turbid liquid form depending on storage conditions or temperature. This chemical gathers attention not for decorative reasons, but for its ability to dissolve a wide range of organic and inorganic materials.
Zooming into the structure, this salt forms through a straightforward pairing of an ethyl-substituted imidazolium cation and a hydrogen sulfate anion. In practical terms, this means the molecule has a stable base, stuck together not just for structural show but for solid performance in applications that require consistent ion exchange. The compact ring of imidazole with an ethyl group attached improves solubility across both organic and water-based systems. Its strong ionic bonds withstand typical storage as flakes, powders, and sometimes crystal pearls, making this material fluid across different handling needs.
In terms of physical properties, N-Ethylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate usually demonstrates a density around 1.2-1.3 g/cm³, measured precisely when at 20-25°C. The chemical stays solid at room temperature, shifting to a more viscous liquid above 60°C, a trait that simplifies melting or dissolving tasks on the shop floor or in the lab. Among its forms—flakes, powder, pearls, or even as a concentrated solution—each option offers handling flexibility. Chemists pick the right format based on the level of mixing and solubility needed for daily or scaled-up operations. Such material rarely brings dust hazards when in flakes or pearls, though fine powder spreads faster and could raise inhalation concerns if handled carelessly.
Buyers and inspectors often reference purity levels above 98% and moisture contents below 0.5%, measured on each lot to meet regulatory guidelines. HS Code 2933.99 usually covers this material under global trade regulations, connecting those in logistics and supply chain with accurate tracking for customs. Those working in procurement or quality control learn quickly that knowing a substance’s classification streamlines both compliance and business continuity, especially when borders and chemical transport scrutiny enter the picture.
Many industries use N-Ethylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate as a raw material, either as a direct catalyst or as a functional liquid medium. Batch processing in pharmaceuticals, as an example, leans on its ability to moderate acidity without contributing heavy metal byproducts. In alternative scenarios, chemical engineers find that solutions of this compound break down cellulose for green chemistry applications. This approach leads away from harsh mineral acids and points research toward milder, safer protocols. Whether in crystal or liquid state, the compound remains fully ionizable in water, a trait which guarantees compatibility with broader solvent and reagent lists, streamlining everything from extraction protocols to electrochemical processes.
Working with N-Ethylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate takes routine safety practices—gloves, goggles, solid ventilation—for anyone scooping flakes, pouring pearls, or mixing up a liquid solution. Even at high purity, the sulfate group brings a strong acid profile, so contact with skin or eyes needs quick rinsing to prevent irritation. Chronic exposure brings the risk of respiratory issues if dust from finely divided powder circulates, though solid handling remains safer in lab or plant settings. Spill response teams should keep neutralizing bases and absorbent materials on hand for liquid leaks. Local disposal rules apply since traces of sulfate ions impact wastewater treatment facilities. Good practice means updating the safety data sheet for each new process, training everyone on the floor, and storing the chemical in sealed containers outside of direct sunlight or extreme heat.
Density stands at roughly 1.21 g/cm³ for solid forms, rising slightly in high-concentration solutions as the ionic matrix saturates. The compound holds stability whether measured by the gram for analytical purposes or dosed out by the liter for larger scale mixing. Operators value its ability to mix into clear solutions with water or alcohol-based solvents, making it a reliable component in specialty cleaning solutions, dye manufacturing, or extractive metallurgy. Each batch, whether flakes or pearls, arrives with a certificate of analysis which includes density, impurity level, and batch origin—a vital set of details for those charged with maintaining traceability in regulated workflows.
Balancing performance and safety leaves no shortcuts. The chemical builds value through both its speed in catalysis and the reduced environmental footprint compared to heavier mineral acids. Those designing new reactions test batches in both lab and production environments to find the right temperature and solvent pairings, taking into account how quickly the salt dissolves and maintains consistent pH. Long-term storage recommends humid-free warehouses, regular checks for container integrity, and clear labels to avoid accidental mixing with incompatible substances like strong oxidizers. Adopting best practices up front—training, ventilation checks, monitoring inventory by lot—prevents incidents and builds workplace trust, something that matters more to real-world teams than any technical sheet.
